As you already know from following the Ecolink blog posts, Ecolink is steadfast in its pursuit to help industrial businesses, along with any type of company that uses chemical solvents for business operations, transition to an eco friendly, green alternative chemical solution, in the event the company is using a solvent with toxic and malignant compounds. Thankfully, businesses not only in the United States, but also in many countries all over the world, are trending toward using green alternative solutions in many different facets of business where eco friendly alternatives can be applied. Still, a lot of work needs to be accomplished to get many other businesses on board with transitioning to safer chemical compounds where it is applicable. Below, you will find a generous list of high purity solvents that are considered environmentally preferred to other solvents that have been condemned as noxious to both people and to the environment.
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Ecolink’s list of environmentally preferred cleaning products and solvents include: 141b, AERO KLEEN, ATR-C, ATR-P, BULLDOG, CONTEC, ECC, ECC (A), Eco-Spray ZV-2, ELECTRON, HEAVYWEIGHT, HYPERSOLVE, THE LEAF PROJECT, NAVSOLVE, NEW II, OCC, PARTS KLEEN II, PARTS KLEEN PLUS, PEN-T-10 (A), PHASE II, PINNACLE, POSITRON, POSITRON (A), PREPTONE, PURITY, PUROGEN, QED, QED-T, RIP-TIDE, RUST RIP, RUSTOP, S-34, S-34NG, SELECT FREE (A), SAFE STRIP SAFE STRIP-G, SILWIPE-25, SPOT FREE, TRIAGEN (A), ULTRA PREP, VG 151, VORTEX, AND VORTEX-NS, among others.
An in-depth description of each specific product can be found on the website you are currently visiting, in an Adobe PDF document, under the “Products List” tab. Briefly, what these eco friendly, green alternative chemical solutions have in common involve many aspects. The most notable aspects of these cleaning solutions are most of them are created with organic ingredients and contain low Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) constituents, which makes them much more sustainable for the environment and safe for people to use. In addition, you will find that almost all of these solutions are completely non flammable, and contain high purity levels of chemical compounds. The pH balances are almost always neutral, meaning a company using the chemical solution for cleaning and degreasing needs do not have to worry about polluting the surrounding area with harmful toxins.
Ecolink professionals and representatives can assist you with further explanation, should the information on the website not suffice. The planet is fortunate to have organizations like Ecolink devising chemical alternatives that are safe for the environment and for people, because for far too long have people and companies perverted the earth with pollutants from chemicals, despite having eco friendly, green alternatives available that can perform the same job as well as, perhaps even better than the unsafe solvent. With the help of Ecolink, this problem can be eradicated.
Choosing the right solvent is crucial for successful sample preparation. Here’s what you need to consider:
Purity and Grade
- Importance of High-Purity Solvents: Impurities can interfere with analytical results, causing false peaks or reducing sensitivity. Therefore, high-purity solvents are essential.
- Common Solvent Grades:
- HPLC Grade: Suitable for high-performance liquid chromatography, with minimal impurities.
- ACS Grade: Meets the standards of the American Chemical Society for general laboratory use.
- Spectrophotometric Grade: Free of contaminants that could affect spectroscopic measurements.
- Impact of Impurities: Even trace contaminants can lead to significant issues in high-sensitivity applications, affecting both qualitative and quantitative analyses.
Polarity
- Solvent Polarity and Its Effects: Solvent polarity influences solubility and the interaction with analytes and stationary phases in chromatography.
- Examples of Polar and Non-Polar Solvents:
- Polar: Water, methanol, acetonitrile.
- Non-Polar: Hexane, toluene.
- Selecting Based on Sample Properties: Match solvent polarity with the analyte’s characteristics and the desired interaction with the stationary phase for optimal separation.
Volatility
- Role in Sample Preparation: Volatility affects the ease of solvent evaporation during sample concentration and the introduction to gas chromatographic systems.
- Volatile Solvents: Preferred for GC applications due to their rapid evaporation and minimal residue.
- Non-Volatile Solvents: Used in LC and MS applications where complete evaporation isn’t necessary.
Chemical Compatibility
- Interactions Between Solvents and Samples: Ensure the solvent does not react with or alter the sample composition.
- Instruments and Column Compatibility: Prevent damage to analytical equipment by choosing solvents compatible with the column and instrument materials.
Safety and Environmental Considerations
- Assessing Toxicity and Environmental Impact: Consider the health and environmental hazards associated with solvent use and disposal.
- Greener Alternatives: Opt for solvents with lower toxicity and environmental impact whenever possible to promote sustainable laboratory practices.
Each solvent has unique properties that make it suitable for specific applications in chromatography and mass spectrometry. Here’s a detailed look at some of the most commonly used solvents:
Water
- Properties and Uses: Water is a universal solvent known for its high polarity and ability to dissolve a wide range of substances. It is essential in aqueous sample preparations and gradient elution in LC.
- Best Practices in Chromatography and MS: Use deionized or distilled water to avoid contaminants. Maintain clean storage conditions to prevent bacterial growth and other impurities.
- Boiling Point: 100°C (212°F)
Methanol
- Properties and Uses: A polar organic solvent with low viscosity and high volatility, methanol is frequently used in both LC and as a modifier in MS to enhance analyte ionization.
- Best Practices: Store in tightly sealed containers to avoid absorption of moisture from the air. Filter before use to remove particulate matter.
Further reading:
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- Boiling Point: 64.7°C (148.5°F)
→ Discover: Nitrogen Dryer Quickly Removes Methanol During Metabolite Analysis
→ Discover: Aqueous Methanol Used in Metabolic Extraction
Acetonitrile
- Properties and Uses: Acetonitrile is a polar aprotic solvent valued for its low UV absorbance and high elution strength, making it ideal for LC-MS applications.
- Best Practices: Handle with care due to its flammability. Use high-purity grades to minimize background noise in analytical measurements.
- Boiling Point: 81.6°C (178.9°F)
→ Discover: Evaporating Excess Acetonitrile Ahead of LC-MS and GC-MS
Ethanol
- Properties and Uses: Ethanol is a versatile solvent with intermediate polarity. It is commonly used in GC and LC sample preparations due to its ability to dissolve both polar and non-polar compounds.
- Best Practices: Ensure ethanol is dry and free from impurities. Use in well-ventilated areas to avoid inhalation of fumes.
- Boiling Point: 78.37°C (173.1°F)
Isopropanol
- Properties and Uses: Known for its moderate polarity, isopropanol is used in protein precipitation and as a cleaning solvent for analytical instruments.
- Best Practices: Avoid prolonged exposure to air, which can lead to oxidation. Use as a final rinse solvent to ensure no residues remain on equipment.
- Boiling Point: 82.6°C (180.7°F)
Hexane
- Properties and Uses: A non-polar solvent ideal for lipid extraction and the analysis of hydrocarbons. Its high volatility makes it suitable for GC applications.
- Best Practices: Store away from sources of heat and ignition. Use in extraction processes where its non-polar nature effectively isolates non-polar analytes.
- Boiling Point: 68.7°C (155.7°F)
→ Discover: Preparing Soil Samples for EPA Methods and Using Hexane
Toluene
- Properties and Uses: Toluene, a non-polar solvent, is employed in GC and for the extraction of aromatic hydrocarbons. It is also used to dissolve polymers and resins.
- Best Practices: Handle with care due to its toxicity and potential health hazards. Use appropriate ventilation to reduce exposure risks.
- Boiling Point: 110.6°C (231.1°F)
Ethyl Acetate
- Properties and Uses: This moderately polar solvent is used in both GC and LC applications, particularly for extracting and purifying samples.
- Best Practices: Use in a well-ventilated area to avoid inhalation of vapors. Filter before use to maintain sample integrity.
- Boiling Point: 77.1°C (170.8°F)
Dichloromethane (DCM)
- Properties and Uses: DCM is a moderately polar solvent used for extractions and in GC due to its good solvating power and volatility.
- Best Practices: Handle in fume hoods due to its volatility and potential toxicity. Use proper waste disposal methods to avoid environmental contamination.
- Boiling Point: 39.6°C (103.3°F)
→ Discover: Drying Dichloromethane Samples Before LC-MS/MS Analysis
Dimethyl Sulfoxide (DMSO)
- Properties and Uses: DMSO is a highly polar aprotic solvent known for its ability to dissolve a wide range of organic and inorganic compounds, making it useful in complex sample preparations.
- Best Practices: Store in tightly closed containers to prevent moisture absorption. Use high-purity DMSO to avoid introducing impurities into sensitive analyses.
- Boiling Point: 189°C (372°F)
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