What are the two types of water wells?

Having access to a reliable and clean water supply is essential for any household. One popular method of obtaining water is through the installation of a water well. However, not all water wells are the same. In this blog post, we will explore the different types of water wells available, helping you to understand the unique characteristics and benefits of each option.

1. Dug Wells

Dug wells, also known as shallow wells, are one of the most straightforward and commonly used types of water wells. These wells are manually dug into the ground until they reach the water table, which is typically found within 25 feet. Dug wells are often lined with bricks, stones, or concrete walls to prevent collapse. While these wells are relatively easy to construct and maintain, they are more susceptible to contamination from surface water, making regular testing and treatment essential.

2. Driven Wells

Driven wells are similar to dug wells in terms of depth but are constructed differently. Instead of manual digging, driven wells are created by using a pipe or casing that is forcefully driven into the ground using a heavy hammer or machine. The water is extracted through a shallow well pump installed within the casing. Driven wells are cost-effective and can provide access to water within 30 feet. However, they are also vulnerable to contamination and may require continuous monitoring and maintenance.

3. Drilled Wells

Drilled wells are typically deeper and offer a more reliable source of water. These wells are created using a drilling rig that can penetrate various types of soil and rock formations. Drilled wells can reach depths of hundreds or even thousands of feet, providing access to water from deep underground aquifers. Due to their depth, drilled wells are less prone to contamination, making them a safer option for a clean water supply. However, the drilling process is more complex and can require specialized equipment and professional expertise.

4. Artesian Wells

Artesian wells are unique in that they rely on natural pressure to bring water to the surface. This type of well is created when a confined aquifer is tapped into, allowing the water to rise above the ground level without the need for pumping. The pressure in an artesian well is created by the weight of the water in an underground formation that is located between layers of impermeable rock or clay. Artesian wells provide a continuous flow of water that does not require additional energy or pumping equipment. However, access to artesian wells may be limited to specific geological regions.

5. Driven Point Wells

Driven point wells, also known as sand point or well point wells, are a cost-effective option for shallow water sources. These wells are constructed with a small-diameter pipe with a screened tip that is driven into the ground through the use of a driving tool. Driven point wells are suitable for accessing water within 25 feet and are commonly used for household purposes, such as lawn irrigation or non-potable water. However, they may be more prone to contamination and require regular monitoring and maintenance.

Conclusion

Choosing the right type of water well for your property is crucial for ensuring a reliable and safe water supply. Dug wells, driven wells, drilled wells, artesian wells, and driven point wells all have unique characteristics and benefits. Understanding the different types of water wells available can help you make an informed decision that suits your specific needs and geological conditions. Remember to consider factors such as water depth, contamination risks, and long-term maintenance requirements when selecting the best water well option for your property.

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Categorised in: Water Wells

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A well can provide your home or business with access to fresh, clean water. However, not all wells are the same, and knowing the difference between the three common types of wells can help you select the best one for your needs. In addition, different wells have different maintenance requirements and lifespans. The well you choose can also affect the quantity and quality of the water you're able to draw up.

To help you select the right type of well, schedule an appointment with an experienced water well company, like North Florida Water Systems Inc, today! 

Dug Wells

Dug wells are the oldest type of well and are typically excavated by shovel as deep below the water table as the digger can go. Once dug, the well's walls are lined with stones, bricks, tiles, concrete, or steel to keep it from collapsing. Bored wells are similar to hand-dug wells but utilize a boring machine instead, allowing for a slightly deeper well. Both wells are inexpensive and low-tech, making them an easy and affordable option that requires little maintenance. They can also access water through less permeable ground layers such as fine clay, sand, and silt. However, both wells are larger in diameter and lack continuous casing, making them more susceptible to contamination. Also, because they're both shallow, they are prone to dry up during droughts. Finally, these wells are labor-intensive and not suitable for rocky ground.

Driven Wells

A driven well, also known as a sand point well, utilizes a small pipe driven through sand or gravel down 30'50 feet into an aquifer. Driven wells are easy to install and are less costly when compared to drilled wells. The small size of the pipe also makes it easy to install just about anywhere on your property. They can also be safer to operate when compared to dug and drilled wells. However, the shallow location of the pipe means that there can be issues with drawing enough water for properties with higher water demand. The use of shallow aquifers also means that these wells are also more susceptible to groundwater contamination. Pump maintenance is needed frequently to ensure there are no issues.

Drilled Wells

Most modern wells involve well drilling, which uses percussion or rotary drilling machines to tap into aquifers from 100'800 feet below the surface. The ability to reach greater depths means that drilled wells are less likely to dry up during droughts and can last between 30'50 years, depending on the aquifer. In addition, drilled wells are less likely to become contaminated because of their depth, though we suggest that annual water testing and treatment be performed. However, because of the depth and specific machinery required, drilled wells are only suitable for particular locations on the property. The use of pumps also means that drilled wells require more maintenance and may experience more technical issues.

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