The faceplate you use screws to secure the piece you are going to turn. some people will glue a waste piece to what they are turning so they don't have to put screw holes in their work piece.

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A chuck needs something to grip. So you either need to drill/turn one of two things. A tenon for the chuck to clamp down on, or a recess to put the chuck in and expand it to hold.

Now the faceplate holds very well with the screws, so if you are doing heavy work by rounding out the bowl a face plate is very nice. A chuck is more likely to let the piece go if it is really rough or lopsided.

In both cases you can use the tail stock to help hold it secure.

Why and where should you use power chuck?

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A Power Chuck is…

The workpiece is held firmly in place by the power chuck’s jaws (usually 3 or 4 jaws). The term stems from the fact that an automated power source generates the clamping force (electrical, mechanical, or other means). There are several benefits to using a work-holding method tailored to cylindrical objects with radial symmetry.

Advantages

The effectiveness of a power chuck is unquestionably its most significant benefit. The chuck can now be clamped at a significantly faster rate thanks to the design, making it suitable for use in mass production. For high-volume manufacturing, manual clamping methods are prohibitively time-consuming. As a result, power chucks are the way to go when productivity is paramount.

Applications

Power chucks are used in several modern machining techniques, such as drilling, milling, turning, clamping the workpieces, and holding the machine’s tools. The following paragraphs will examine the role of power chucks in those three operations.

Drilling/milling

Drill bits, milling cutters, and other cutting tools can be securely held in a power chuck while the chuck supports the workpiece. To hold a long (or enormous) workpiece steady, a chuck is mounted on the tailstock of a turning lathe, as shown. Suppose you’re using the chuck to hold a workpiece still while drilling or milling; it won’t rotate. When a cutting tool, such as a drill bit or milling cutter, is clamped, the spindle causes the tool to spin, allowing it to do its work.

Turning

The power chuck used for lathe turning is installed on the spindle of the lathe’s headstock. In addition to sharing standard processing capabilities, workpiece-spinning devices and tool-spinning machines are also functionally comparable. For instance, the clamping mechanism of a lathe is carried out by the power chuck and cylinder system; how these parts are assembled affects the lathe’s output accuracy.

Turning machines have a long and illustrious history, dating back thousands of years and placing them among the very first machine tools ever created. There are two primary categories of lathes, distinguished by the method by which the workpiece is held.

There are two distinct lathes: the vertical lathe and the horizontal lathe. A vertical lathe clamps the workpiece vertically for vertical machining and installs the cutting tool in an identical direction. When comparing vertical and horizontal lathes, the more excellent stability of the clamping mechanism is apparent in the former. As a result, vertical lathes are typically designed for high-precision machinings, such as automobile components, aircraft parts, sports facilities, and specific big workpiece processing duties.

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