Garden hose

Flexible tube used to convey water

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Understanding Garden Hoses

A garden hose, also referred to as a hosepipe or simply a hose, is a flexible tube utilized primarily for transporting water. Common attachments for the end of a hose include sprayers and sprinklers, which focus water in a specific area or distribute it over a broader space. Garden hoses are typically connected to a hose spigot or tap, making them ideal for various outdoor tasks.

Terminology

The term "hosepipe" is predominantly used in British, South African, and southern US dialects, while the terms "hose" or "garden hose" are more common in other parts of the English-speaking world. Additionally, the word "hose" refers to other flexible tubes that transport water, such as the fire hoses used by firefighting services.

Description

Garden hoses are primarily constructed from extruded synthetic rubber or soft plastic, often reinforced with internal fibers for durability. This construction provides flexibility, allowing them to maneuver around obstacles like trees and posts. They are robust enough to endure occasional scrapes on rough surfaces without leaking or getting damaged.

The male ends of standard garden hoses can connect with the female ends of other hoses, enabling users to link multiple hoses together for added length. Small rubber or plastic washers, also known as "hose washers," are typically found in the female ends to seal against leaks.

Most garden hoses are not designed for hot water use; exposure to direct sunlight while pressurized may cause them to burst. Hoses intended for carrying drinkable water are commonly made from NSF International-listed polymers that have been tested to ensure they do not leach harmful substances.

Common Uses

Garden hoses are widely used for a variety of water-related tasks including gardening, lawn maintenance, and landscaping. They also serve numerous outdoor cleaning functions, such as washing vehicles and equipment. NSF-approved hoses are specifically designed for connecting potable water with RVs and trailers.

When a flexible hose is attached to a drinkable water supply, it’s important to install a backflow prevention device at the spigot to avoid contamination should a pressure drop occur. Many water suppliers mandate this, and plumbing codes may require permanently installed backflow prevention systems.

Soaker Hoses

A type of garden hose designed to leak water gradually along its length is known as a soaker hose. These hoses feature small drilled holes or are made from porous materials to effectively distribute moisture to plants, providing a simple and economical alternative to more complex drip irrigation systems.

Expandable Hoses

Expandable hoses operate differently from traditional hoses. They contain an inner membrane that expands when filled with water and retracts upon pressure release, facilitating easier storage. An outer cover protects the expandable component from potential punctures.

Standards and Connectors

Garden hoses utilize a male/female thread connection system known as a "hose union." Spigots typically feature a male hose connector, while the corresponding end of the hose includes a captive nut to fit the threads adequately.

In the United States and Canada, the standard thread for garden hose connectors is known informally as Garden Hose Thread (GHT). The specifications include:

• 3/4-11.5NH: Full form threads from materials like brass.
• 3/4-11.5NHR: Thin-walled couplers usually found on budget hoses.
• 3/4-14NPSH: Female hose ends for connection to tapered pipe threads.

In contrast, other countries often employ the British Standard Pipe (BSP) thread, which differs significantly from GHT, meaning that attempting to connect hoses from these two standards may result in thread damage.

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Standard hose connector threads are not tapered, which means they rely on a flexible gasket to prevent leaks. Some gaskets even include screens to filter out dirt, further ensuring clean water flow.

Quick Connectors

The popularity of quick-connector systems has surged, especially in Europe. These fittings allow easy and fast attachment of hoses to common connectors using snap-fit mechanisms. Furthermore, some connectors feature an "autostop" function, which halts water flow automatically when disconnected, enhancing ease of use.

Health Considerations

Research indicates that using regular garden hoses in conjunction with spray nozzles can create aerosols with tiny droplets, posing inhalation risks. Stagnant water in hoses, especially under warm conditions, can support the growth of bacteria, including Legionella, which could lead to health complications like Legionnaires' disease.

Gallery

• Garden hose in action (Germany)

• Detailed view of a garden hose with fiber reinforcements

• Gardena quick-connect hose fittings

• Hose cart featuring various quick-connect fittings

• This greenhouse utilizes a hose suspended by pulleys

• Expandable hose extends for more reach

See also

References

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