Where is aluminum silicate found?

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This section will delve into the neutral chemical compounds that consist solely of aluminum, silicon, and oxygen. For those interested in related ionic compounds that contain counterions, consider exploring the concept of Aluminosilicate.

Aluminum silicate, or aluminium silicate, refers to several chemical structures derived from aluminum oxide (Al2O3) and silicon dioxide (SiO2), which can appear either in its anhydrous form or as hydration, originating either naturally as minerals or synthetically produced. Its chemical formula can be represented as xAl2O3·ySiO2·zH2O and is identified by the E number E559.

The primary aluminum silicate minerals include andalusite, kyanite, and sillimanite. These three polymorphic minerals exhibit notable characteristics, with their triple point located at a temperature of around 500 °C (932 °F) and under a pressure of 0.4 GPa (58,000 psi). They are frequently utilized as index minerals in studies of metamorphic rocks.

• Al2SiO5 (Al2O3·SiO2), found naturally as the minerals andalusite, kyanite, and sillimanite, each showcasing unique crystal structures.
• Al2Si2O7 (Al2O3·2SiO2), also known as metakaolinite, which is created by heating kaolin to 450 °C (842 °F).
• Al6Si2O13 (3Al2O3·2SiO2), known as mullite, represents the only stable intermediate phase in the Al2O3-SiO2 system at atmospheric conditions. It is referred to as '3:2 mullite' to differentiate it from 2Al2O3·SiO2, or Al4SiO8 which is termed '2:1 mullite'.
• 2Al2O3·SiO2, or Al4SiO8, commonly recognized as '2:1 mullite'.

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The above list highlights primarily ternary materials (Si-Al-O), while kaolinite is classified as a quaternary material (Si-Al-O-H), naturally occurring as a mineral with the formula Al2Si2O5(OH)4 (Al2O3·2SiO2·2H2O).

Aluminum silicate comprises fibrous materials that consist of aluminum oxide and silicon dioxide, often referred to as aluminosilicate fibres. These materials are solid solutions rather than pure chemical compounds, and are described based on their weight percentage of alumina (Al2O3) and silica (SiO2). Notably, with an increase in alumina percentage, the temperature resistance of these fibrous materials also enhances. They can be found in forms such as loose wool, blankets, felt, paper, or boards.